ENMT 301 Pre-Test

There are three parts to this pretest:

Part I: Ten multiple choice.
Part II: Ten match the correct word(s) with the phrase. Words you may want to use are listed here. Not all answers may be used.
Part III: Five True/ False questions

Part I: Ten multiple choice.

1. Soils are degraded by
a. erosion.
b. over grazing of livestock.
c. excessive irrigation.
d. conversion to development.
e. all of the above.

2. A grouping of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their environment in such a way that the group is sustained is defined as
a. a biosphere
b. a community
c. an ecosystem
d. a species
e. none of the above

3. The combination of all the abiotic and biotic factors that may limit population increase is called
a. environmental resistance.
b. carrying capacity.
c. population equilibrium.
d. critical number.
e. recruitment.

4. Which of the following is NOT a result of excessive ground water withdrawal?
a. increased frequency of flooding of inland river banks
b. drying up of wetlands
c. land subsidence
d. saltwater intrusion
e. falling water tables

5. From the 1800s to the present, total energy consumption in the U.S.
a. has grown dramatically except for a brief drop in the 1980s
b. has grown very slowly but steadily
c. has been more or less constant
d. has declined steadily with conservation
e. grew to a peak in the 1950s but has been downward since then

6. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? Regarding exposure to a pollutant, dose
a. is a measure of concentration
b. is a measure of time exposure
c. is a measure of amount in milliliters
d. is a measure of concentration times the time of exposure
e. is a measure of amount in milliliters times the time of exposure

7. The process whereby chemical pollutants become concentrated through passage up the food chain is called
a. bioaccumulation
b. biomagnification
c. biodegradable
d. biological oxygen demand
e. none of the above

8. Low dissolved oxygen is generally associated with nutrient enrichment because
a. phytoplankton uses oxygen in photosynthesis
b. nutrients absorb dissolved oxygen
c. dead phytoplankton leads to an increased oxygen demand on the part of decomposers
d. competition between phytoplankton and fish for oxygen
e. the oxygen combines with carbon in dead organic material to produce carbon dioxide

9. Sediments aggravate the problem of eutrophication because
a. they absorb dissolved oxygen
b. they contribute to reduced light levels
c. they decrease water depths
d. they add oxygen to the water
e. all of the above

10. Hydrocarbons may be emitted as a result of burning fuels because of
a. impurities in the fuels
b. incomplete combustion
c. combustion occurring in an atmosphere which is 78% nitrogen
d. reactions occurring in the atmosphere after combustion
e. sunlight

Part II: Ten match the correct word(s) with the phrase. Words you may want to use are listed here. Not all answers may be used.

1 Concentration ð time of exposure E. stratosphere

2 A natural air cleanser N. catalytic converter

3 Acceptable levels of atmospheric pollutants C. ambient standards

4 Natural mineral with fiber-like crystals

5 This layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth's surface R. troposphere

6 This layer of the atmosphere contains the most atmospheric pollutants E. stratosphere

7 Blocks the delivery of oxygen to organs and tissues F. mercury

8 Converted to sulfuric acid in the atmosphere Q. carbon monoxide

9 A volatile organic compound G. gasoline

10 Beneficial to humans in the upper atmosphere but harmful when it is present close to the Earth's surface I. radon

List of words:

A. mesosphere
B. asbestos
C. ambient standards
D. area sources
E. stratosphere
F. mercury
G. gasoline
H. dose
I. radon
J. primary pollutants
K. ozone
L. lead
M. sulfur dioxide
N. catalytic converter
O. point source
P. hydroxyl radical
Q. carbon monoxide
R. troposphere
S. thermosphere

Part III: Five True/ False questions

1. The burning of fossil fuels has significantly altered the global carbon cycle.
a. True
b. False

2. The aim of preservation is to manage or regulate the use of a renewable resource so as to be certain the system or species can renew itself.
a. True
b. False

3. The burning of natural gas releases no carbon dioxide into the air.
a. True
b. False

4. The Safe Water Drinking Act of 1974 does not require monitoring or control of wells owned by private citizens.
a. True
b. False

5. The thing that all the world's "livable" cities share in common are the steps taken to foster exurban migration.
a. True
b. False